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There are some 3850 caves known in Slovakia, mostly in calcareous regions. The most beautiful of them came into being under the ground of the Slovensky kras - Slovak Karst. Their unique parameters are also appreciated by UNESCO in that they have been included in the List of Natural and Cultural Heritage. The cave Domica with the cave Baradla on the Hungarian side of the frontier form together a unique 21 kilometers long system of underground caves, which stand out because of their enormous stalactite and stalagmite decoration with numerous diverse formations, such as stalactite shields, onion shaped stalactites, calcareous cascades, etc. Carbon drawings on the walls, fireplaces made of stones, fragments of clay objects and other findings are the remains of extensive settlements dating back to the stone age. The visit to this cave also includes a voyage on the underground river Styx. The Silica-Gombasek cave system has been formed on the Silica plain by the streams of Cierny potok - Black Stream. In its upper part a cave-like gorge Silicka ladnica - ice cave came into being after the ceiling of a large cave collapsed ages ago. Its enclosed depressed area allows accumulation of cold air in winter time. As a result this caves contains icicles throughout the year with the flora and fauna accommodated to these conditions. Only two kilometers from this gorge cave the Black Stream eroded in the tectonic rifts underground spaces of the Gombasek Cave. Special attention deserve unique thin two to three meters long calcareous needles which sharply stand against the red surface of the surrounding rocky walls. The Gombasek Cave has been the first cave in Slovakia to be used for the purposes of the so-called speleotherapy helping to cure respiratory diseases. The Ochtina Aragonite Cave is only one European cave embellished with white aragonite, a kind of a calcite which crystallizes in rhombic structure, thus forming small bush and nest like decoration of its walls and ceilings. The Jasov Cave was the first cave in Slovakia made accessible to the public thanks to the Premonstratensian monks from the nearby monastery. The oldest cave writing in Slovakia dating from 1452 can be found on one wall of this cave. Unbelievable 19 different types of bats hibernate in this cave during winter time. The Dobsina Ice Cave is the only European underground ice kingdom outside the Alpine region. The thickest ice layer inside this cave measures 26.5 meters. In 1887 this cave was the first cave in the world to receive electric illumination. In the past it used to be a training venue for our ice skaters. The Krasnohorska Cave contains 32.7 meters high dripstone of Roznava's Speleologists, which is enlisted in the Guiness Book of Records as the highest dripstone in the world.
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